A ribbon mixer, also known as a ribbon blender, is an industrial-strength machine used to mix large amounts of material in many different industries. It consists of a trough-shaped shell with a semi-circular bottom, fitted with a horizontal longitudinal shaft on which are mounted arms supporting a combination of two helical ribbons. The ribbons move the materials back and forth, creating a convective mixing pattern that ensures fast and efficient blending. Ribbon mixers are versatile and widely used for solids on solids mixing, but can also be used for applications such as particle absorption of a liquid addition, slurry and liquid particle suspension mixes with careful design. They are commonly used in industries dealing with dry materials such as food and beverage, pharmaceutical, chemical, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, polymers and plastic compounds, fertilizers, and ceramics. Ribbon mixers are available in various sizes, from small laboratory models to large industrial mixers with working capacities of up to 30,000 litters.